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Qarun lake is considered the oldest natural lakes in the world, the third largest lake in Egypt and the rest of lake Old Maurice. Know more!
Qarun Lake, also known as Lake Qarun in Egypt, is one of the country’s oldest and most fascinating natural lakes, located in the heart of the Fayoum Oasis, around 80 kilometers southwest of Cairo. With its quiet waters, rich wildlife, and deep ancient history, the lake offers a completely different side of Egypt — far from crowded cities and classic tourist routes.
For travelers looking for nature, birdwatching, eco-tourism, or a calm escape near Cairo, Qarun Lake is a unique destination that blends natural beauty, archaeology, and local culture in one experience.
This guide explores everything visitors need to know about Qarun Lake, from its geography and history to activities, nearby landmarks, and practical travel tips.
Where is Qarun Lake Located?
Qarun Lake lies in the northwest of the Fayoum Depression, a natural basin cut deep below sea level and surrounded by fertile land and desert scenery. The region itself is one of Egypt’s most important natural and agricultural zones.
The lake is:
- About 80 km southwest of Cairo
- Around 50 km north of Fayoum city
- Nearly 45 meters below sea level
It is considered the third-largest lake in the country after Lake Nasser and Lake Burullus, and a key feature of the wider Fayoum Oasis attractions landscape, which includes waterfalls, fossil valleys, and ancient settlements.
The History of Qarun Lake
Qarun Lake is also known as an ancient lake in Egypt with roots stretching back thousands of years. In Pharaonic times, it was known as Lake Moeris and played a major role in irrigation and water management.
Ancient Egyptians used the lake as a reservoir connected to Nile floodwaters, helping regulate agriculture in the Fayoum region. Over centuries, its size and water level fluctuated due to natural and human factors.
During the Greco-Roman period, the area around the lake became a thriving settlement zone. Archaeological remains, temples, and ruins discovered nearby show how important the lake was for trade, farming, and daily life.
Why Is It Called «Qarun»?
The modern name comes from the legendary figure Qarun, known in ancient stories and religious traditions as a wealthy man whose arrogance led to his downfall.
According to local folklore, his palace sank into the earth, and the lake formed over the site—giving Qarun Lake its mysterious reputation.
Natural Features of Qarun Lake
Qarun Lake is considered a rare example of a saltwater lake in Egypt, which makes it different from most freshwater Nile-connected lakes.
Water Characteristics
The lake gets its water mainly from agricultural drainage and underground sources. With no natural outlet and intense evaporation over centuries, the water has gradually become salty.
This unique composition supports marine-like fish species and affects the local ecosystem differently than normal freshwater lakes.
Size and Landscape
- Surface area: ~214 square kilometers
- Maximum depth: around 8 meters
The environment around the lake combines desert dunes, farmland, and open shores, creating a dramatic natural contrast that attracts photographers and nature lovers alike.
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