Inquisitive holidaymakers are always happy with the range of places to visit in Bursa. Standing in a group of its own, Bursa has risen the ranks to become Turkey’s must-see destination. While western holiday package companies are yet to venture into the area, it makes a roaring trade with independent travelers and Middle-Eastern nationalities attracted by its strong cultural heritage.
Called “Green Bursa” because of many parks and gardens, Bursa sits at the foot of Uludag Mountain, one of Turkey’s top skiing points. The year-round tourism destination is also leading the real estate market as more Turks and foreigners buy property to tap into its potential.
It is the most classical and monumental sample of the multi-domed mosques. It has the biggest size (318 square meters) among all of the Turkish mosques with its rich and roomy space. Its balcony with small tenon panels, finely processed with Greek and palmettes, parapet networks with geometrical samples, inscription on its front side and networked corolla is a master piece of art of transition from Seljuk style to Ottoman style.
According to the rumor related to the construction of Sadirvan; some lands should have been nationalized for the construction of Ulu Mosque. Sadirvan's place belonged to a Jewish woman. This woman who did not want to give her land had seen in her dream one night that everybody was running in the same direction.
She curiously asked them where they were going, and took the response of 'Heaven!'. She also wanted to run, but they stopped her, as she was not giving her land. Jewish woman who had impressed much from this dream, had given her land the next day on condition that they would build a Sadirvan.
When the construction process of the mosque was discontinued due to financial problems, the Christian and Jewish communities supplied a certain amount of money, then in return Muslims used the stones on which David's Star and Cross signs are engraved on the windows of the mosque to show their gratitude.
There is a tomb with eight edges near them on the north direction. Today's shape of Emir Sultan Mosque, a beautiful sample of mosque type with single dome in a courtyard with a sadirvan, was constructed in 1804 during the Sultan Selim III period.
The mosque has an angular shape which was used too much during the primary period in Ottoman architecture. Its niches and balconies are from the 18th century, and it is of Baroque style. Its entrance door is one of the most beautiful samples of woodwork. There are 12 pieces of tombs within Muradiye Kulliye, which are constructed in the name of Murat II and his family.
Orhan Mosque and Kulliye (Center): Kulliye, which is constructed by Orhan Bey between 1339 and 1340, is composed of mosque, theology school, charitable establishment, school, hamam and inn (Emir Inn) structures. It is on the east part of Ulu Mosque, and one of the first samples of Ottoman Kulliye.
Orhan Mosque is one of the most important structures of the early Ottoman period in Bursa. Twin arches at both sides are one of the most important characteristics of the structure. It was constructed with two rows of bricks and one row of stone. Brick work on its external surface is also very interesting.
Unique in Ottoman architecture, the two-story complex's first floor is a mosque while the second floor is a theology school. Architecture of the structure, which has an appearance of a palace with its imposing external minaret, is not certain. Two-layered forehead with upper layer porticos, opened with double steep arches with middle column aside and front, is gaining an imposing panorama reminding the Venetian palaces. Sadirvan under the dome, whose middle part is open, creates a harmonious atmosphere with gentle splashes.
Opposite to the Hudavendigar Mosque, there is the tomb of the Sultan Murat II (Hudavendigar), who died during military service in 1389 in the Cassava War I. The epitaph of the tomb constructed by Yildirim Bayezid is dated 1722.
The tomb, which is a single structure with its inscription, is on the northeast of the mosque. The tomb which was constructed to Mimar Ali bin Huseyin by Yildirim Bayezit's son Suleyman Han in 1406, is the first sample of Ottoman tombs with a portico.
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Q1: What are the must-visit religious sites in Bursa?
A: Bursa is a treasure trove of spiritual landmarks, each echoing with centuries of devotion. Don't miss the Ulu Mosque, a monumental masterpiece of multi-domed architecture, and the Emir Sultan Mosque, nestled on a hill with its serene surroundings. The Muradiye Kulliye, with its collection of tombs and a mosque, offers a glimpse into Ottoman architectural brilliance. The Yesil Mosque and Tomb, adorned with exquisite tile work, are also must-sees for their artistic and historical significance.
Q2: How does Bursa's religious heritage reflect its cultural diversity?
A: Bursa's religious sites are a testament to its rich cultural tapestry. The city is home to mosques, synagogues, and churches, each contributing to its diverse spiritual landscape. The Gerus and Mayor Synagogues, built by Jewish communities welcomed by the Ottoman Empire, highlight this harmonious blend. Meanwhile, the Ayasofya Museum in Iznik, once a Byzantine church, reflects the city's Christian heritage.
Q3: What is the significance of the Ulu Mosque in Bursa?
A: The Ulu Mosque, constructed between 1396 and 1400, stands as a monumental example of Ottoman architecture. Its vast interior, adorned with intricate calligraphy and geometric designs, offers a serene space for reflection. The mosque's construction involved contributions from various religious communities, symbolizing unity and cooperation in Bursa's diverse society.
Q4: How can I experience the spiritual essence of Bursa?
A: To truly immerse yourself in Bursa's spiritual essence, take a stroll through its historic neighborhoods, where mosques and synagogues stand side by side. Attend a prayer service at one of the city's iconic mosques, or explore the serene courtyards of the Muradiye Kulliye. Engaging with local communities and participating in cultural events will deepen your connection to Bursa's rich spiritual heritage.
Q5: What role does Bursa play in Turkey's religious tourism?
A: Bursa is a cornerstone of Turkey's religious tourism, drawing pilgrims and history enthusiasts alike. Its well-preserved religious sites, from grand mosques to ancient synagogues, offer a unique glimpse into the country's spiritual diversity. As a former Ottoman capital, Bursa's religious landmarks are not only architectural marvels but also symbols of the city's historical significance and cultural harmony.